Characteristics, types and functions of family concept

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The family, which has existed throughout human history, is a social institution. There are many definitions of the family, which is defined as the smallest cornerstone of societies consisting of a mother, father, and children. However, a universal definition of the family is quite difficult. As the smallest component of society, a family is a social unit with economic, psychological, biological, legal, and social aspects. This research aims to examine the concept of family, family types and family functions. The method of the study is a systematic literature review. Unlike other institutions, the roles and obligations that the family institution imposes on human beings continue from birth to death. Family types are classified in different ways. When analyzed in terms of family structure, values, and functioning in general, it is classified into two types "nuclear family" and "extended family". With today's social and economic changes and the increasing participation of women in working life, the family structure has also changed. Today's family structures have undergone significant changes as a result of urbanization, industrialization, and migration to big cities. Such a high number of divorce data shows that in modern times, the family is moving forward with different impulses and dynamics compared to the past. The duties and responsibilities of families have therefore changed in parallel with daily problems. While in the past the main purpose of marriage was to have children, today they expect more from marriage. As a result of the family's inability to fulfill its functions, the society in which it exists has also been affected and the social problems of the society have increased. In this study, within the scope of the literature, the concept of family, family characteristics, family types, and family functions were examined.