Investigation of Androgenesesis Capacity of Rwandan Pili-Pili Variety (Capsicum chinense L.) in Turkey

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In this study, anther culture performance of Rwandan Pili-Pili variety was assessed in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey and compared to two Turkish  C. annuum  controls having low (A111 Kahramanmaras type-green type) and high (Inan 3363 variety- Urfa type) androgenesis capacity, respectively. The anthers sampled were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium including 30 g L -1  sucrose, 2.5 g L -1  activated charcoal, 15 mg L -1  silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ), 4 mg L -1  1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 0.5 mg L -1  6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), 6.5 g L -1  agar in the first stage. The anthers were then transferred to MS medium containing 30 g L -1  sucrose and 6.5 g L -1  agar. The embryos obtained were cultured in the same nutrient medium. At the end of the study, 19.4 embryos per 100 anthers were obtained from the control Inan 3363 and 4.46 from A111. As expected, Inan 3363 showed better performance than A111 genotype. In spite of all efforts, no embryo could be obtained in the Pili-Pili variety, although proper anther culture stage was especially investigated for this Rwandan variety. Cytological investigations showed that classical pepper anther culture morphological markers did not work in Rwandan Pili-Pili variety. In order to ascertain that the anther culture response of this variety is weak, other trials should be repeated in Rwanda. If there is no response in Rwanda, it could be concluded that this variety does not respond to anther culture.